Published: 22 September, 2025 If you have diabetes, it is important to take care of more than just your glucose levels. Regular diabetes checks can help lower your risk of complications, including problems with your vision. The good news is that eye problems can be treated or prevented if they are found early. That is why it is important to make regular eye checks a top priority. How diabetes can affect your eyes Diabetes can increase the risk of damage to small bloods vessels and nerves in your eyes. This damage can happen without any changes to your vision, so it is important to have regular diabetes eye checks even if your vision is normal. What is diabetic retinopathy? Having high glucose levels over time can increase your risk of damage to the tiny blood vessels in the back of your eye, which can cause swelling and bleeding in the retina. This is known as diabetic retinopathy. If it is untreated, it can lead to poor vision or blindness. You may not notice any signs at first, but a diabetes eye check can show early changes. As the condition gets worse, your vision can become more affected. Glaucoma, cataracts and diabetes Some eye conditions are more common in people with diabetes, including: Glaucoma – this happens when pressure builds up inside the eye and damages the optic nerve. Diabetes can raise this pressure by damaging small blood vessels. Glaucoma can affect your side vision and lead to vision loss. Cataracts – this is when the lens in your eye becomes cloudy, making your vision blurry. Cataracts can happen with age, but high glucose levels can make them develop faster. Warning signs to watch for Your eyes often give small signs before bigger problems appear. If you have diabetes, look out for: Blurry vision, especially if it lasts when your blood glucose level is in your target range Sudden vision changes, such as your eyesight getting suddenly worse or not being able to see clearly in one eye Floaters, dark spots or flashes of light across your vision Dark or empty spots in your vision Difficulty driving at night Eye pain or pressure If you notice any of these sins, see your doctor or optometrist right away. A plan for healthy eyes Most eye problems can be treated and managed well if they are found early. The best way to look after your eyes is to combine regular check-ups with healthy habits. Use this guide to help you stay on track: Get regular eye tests Even if your vision seems fine, diabetes eye checks can pick up early signs before you notice them. Keep your levels in your target range You can reduce your risk of eye problems by keeping your glucose levels, blood pressure, and cholesterol within your target range. Be aware of any vision changes If you notice any of the warning signs above, book an eye check immediately. By acting quickly, you can reduce risk of damage. The NDSS has helpful resources about looking after your eyes. When to book your eye checks Get your eyes tested by an optometrist when you are diagnosed with diabetes, and then have an eye check every two years. It is recommended to have an eye check every year if your glucose levels have been outside of your target range for a long time, or you are of Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander background. If you are pregnant, get your eyes checked every trimester. Here are our five tips for your optometrist appointment: Sign up to KeepSight for free eye check reminders so you don’t miss your checks. Tell the optometrist you have diabetes. They will ask you some diabetes-related questions and check your eyes carefully. Remember eye tests are pain-free. Most checks do not involve touching your eyes. Ask about costs when you make an optometrist appointment. Diabetes eye checks are covered by Medicare, but some places may charge a ‘gap’ fee. Visit the optometrist when your glucose levels are stable. High glucose levels can cause the lenses in your eyes to swell, which can affect your vision and test results. Protecting your vision starts today Your eyes help you see and enjoy the world around you. That’s why it is important to take care of them. By spotting early signs of problems, getting regular eye checks, and managing your diabetes every day, you can protect your vision and keep your eyes healthy for years to come.
